Developmental effects refer to the impact that various factors can have on the physical, cognitive, emotional, and social development of individuals throughout their lifespan. This research area typically examines how genetics, environment, experiences, and other influences interact to shape an individual's development. This can include studying how early childhood experiences affect later outcomes, how genetics influence certain traits or behaviors, and how interventions or treatments can mitigate negative developmental effects. Researchers in this area often use longitudinal studies, experimental designs, and other methods to investigate how different factors contribute to developmental outcomes.